Tear lettuce into bite-sized pieces. Cut broccoli into bite-sized florets. Toss together in a bowl.
Preheat oven to 350 degrees F. Crush ramen noodles inside package. Tear open, set seasoning packet aside, and spread out dry noodles onto a rimmed baking sheet. Bake in the preheated oven until light golden brown, stirring every 5 minutes. Set aside to cool.
To make the dressing, combine vinegar and sugar in a blender. Blend in olive oil in a steady stream. Alternatively, whisk together ingredients in a bowl.
Toss together lettuce, broccoli, and dressing. Top with toasted ramen and serve.